agent

IRI: https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/construct/Agent

Defined In: https://spec.industrialontologies.org/ontology/core/Core/

SubClass Of: bfo:material entity

Class Hierarchy

owl:Thing › bfo:entity › bfo:continuant › bfo:independent continuant › bfo:material entity › agent

Direct subclasses:

• attesting agent
• buyer
• consignee
• consignor
• customer
• distributor
• freight forwarder
• manufacturer
• manufacturing operator
• operator
• retailer
• supplier
• supply chain agent
• validator
• wholesaler

Definition

person, group of persons, or engineered system with an agent role

Semi-Formal Definition:

every instance of ‘agent’ is defined as exactly an instance of ‘person’, ‘group of agents’, or ‘engineered system’ when it ‘has role’ some ‘agent role’

Explanatory Notes

1. See the expanded definition under the corresponding role class. The term is formalized here as a defined class by referring to its corresponding role class and exists primarily for ontological modeling and implementation convenience.

2. The IOF has elected to exclude material substances often referred to as agents. That is, they realize some specific function that some person desires (e.g., platinum is a reducing agent in various reduction-type reactions – as used in a catalytic converter to eliminate or reduce various pollutants in exhausts).

3. The IOF has, at this time, excluded non-human agents, such as animals and other organisms (often referred to as biological agents).

Examples

• an employee; a transportation & logistics provider; a robot; a scheduling system

Counter-Examples

1. Of physical and chemical in nature: Cleaning, vulcanizing, fluxing, indicator, sterilizing, emulisifying, refining.

2. Organisms: animals, cells, parts of organisms (organs, organelles, viruses).

Formal Axioms

First-Order Logic Definition

Agent(x) ↔ (Person(x) ∨ GroupOfAgents(x) ∨ EngineeredSystem(x)) ∧ ∃r(AgentRole(r) ∧ hasRole(x,r))

Description Logic

constr:Agent ≡ (constr:EngineeredSystem ⊔ constr:GroupOfAgents ⊔ constr:Person) ⊓ ∃ constr:hasRole .constr:AgentRole

constr:Agent ⊑ bfo:material_entity

EquivalentTo: (constr:EngineeredSystem or constr:GroupOfAgents or constr:Person) and constr:hasRole some constr:AgentRole

SubClassOf: bfo:material_entity